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European Journal of Business &
Social Sciences
Available at https://ejbss.org/
ISSN: 2235-767X
Volume 07 Issue 02
February 2019
Available online: https://ejbss.org/ P a g e | 568
A Study on the Mountain Units of the Himalaya
Raj Kumar
Assistant Professor
Dept.of Geography
G.N.C. Sirsa (Haryana)
ABSTRACT
The Himalayas are one of the tallest mountains of the world. The length of
its arc is measured to be nearly 2400 kilometers. The collision of two major
tectonic plates was the root cause of the evolution of these mountains.
Some of the known superlatives of the Himalayas are K2 and Nanga. The
nature of the climate of India especially, North India is truly dependent on
the Himalayas.
The breadth of the mountains of the Himalayas is measured to be within a
range of 240-330 kilometers. The range of the Himalayas covers the five
major Asian counties. The overall area of the Himalayas is measured to be
nearly 7,50,000 kilometers. The complex of the Himalayas includes the
Hind Kush, Tien Shan, and the Pamirs etc. The current paper highlights
the mountain units of the Himalaya.
KEYWORDS:
Himalayas, Mountain, Climate
INTRODUCTION
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European Journal of Business &
Social Sciences
Available at https://ejbss.org/
ISSN: 2235-767X
Volume 07 Issue 02
February 2019
Available online: https://ejbss.org/ P a g e | 569
The Himalayas is supposed to be a source of emerging a number of
rivers. Due to global warming, the glaciers are melting down which
facilitates the enough water in these rivers. These rivers are the major
source of water in North India, as most of the farmers get the water for
the agricultural activities from these rivers.
This Himalayas is also responsible for the raining in the North India
portion during the Monsoons. In the absence of this Himalaya, there
would be no greenly area in the North part of the country as there were
no rains and most of the parts of the North India would have become
deserts. Hence, it can be said that this Himalaya is the life line of our
country.
During the season of summer, a good amount of raining is caused due to
the Himalaya as it makes an interception between the monsoon coming
from the Eastern and Western side of the country. As a result, heavy
raining is observed in the hilly areas of the country. Higher level of the
precipitation is found during the Monsoon period which consequently
results into good amount of raining.
There are primarily three belts in the Himalayas which are situated along
with each other. These belts are referred as inner, outer and trans
Himalaya. The outer belt of Himalaya is also called as the mountains of
Page 3 of 12
European Journal of Business &
Social Sciences
Available at https://ejbss.org/
ISSN: 2235-767X
Volume 07 Issue 02
February 2019
Available online: https://ejbss.org/ P a g e | 570
the Shivaliks and has lesser height as compared to that of other two
belts.
In the north side of the outer Himalaya, there is Lesser Himalaya having
a height of approximate 20,000 feet. Among all these belts, the height of
the trans Himalaya is measured to be higher. There are mainly three
categories of the Himalayas moving from east to west side. These
categories are eastern, central and western.
In most of the regions coming under the Himalaya is observed to be
enriched of alluvium as huge amount of alluvium is found in the soil of
these regions. According to a report, nearly 19 lakh tones of silt coming
from these mountains are mixed into the Ganga River. This level of silt
moves up to 24 lakh tones in the Brahmaputra River. This enrichment of
the silt makes the fertility of the soil better and it becomes easier to
perform the agricultural activities.
The Himalayan region has also the enrichment of the long trees as a
number of forests are fount there. A number of forests from tropical to
Alpine are found in the Himalayan region. Many industrial organizations
use the wood of these trees for the manufacturing of a number of
products. Also, in this region, no proper condition for the agricultural
activities is found as the land in most of the parts is steeply and a lot of
