Page 1 of 27
European Journal of Business &
Social Sciences
Available at https://ejbss.org/
ISSN: 2235-767X
Volume 07 Issue 05
May 2019
Available online: https://ejbss.org/ P a g e | 131
Design, Testing and Performance Analysis of E-Bike
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It gives us an immense pleasure to express my gratitude towards our guide Prof. Akash
Bhise for his constant interest, encouragement and valuable guidance during the completion of
this Project Stage-I report on “DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF
E-BIKE”. He constantly shored me up, enabling me to develop an understanding regarding my
Project Stage-I work. I would like to thank Dr.Nihar Walimbe, principal of the institute who
has provided me this opportunity to work on this Project Stage-I.
I would like to thank Prof.Yogesh Ingulkar, Head of the Department, for his kind
cooperation and constant inspiration during this course.
Thanking you.
Darekar Dipak Samhaji
ME HEAT POWER
ABSTRACT
The main aim of this report is to present the idea of harnessing the various energy and use
it in today’s existence of human life. For human being travelling has become vital. In order to
sustain in this fast forward world he must travel from place to place.
The electric vehicles industry is continuously evolving. One type of such electric vehicle
is the electric bicycle (e-bike). Electric bicycles, like other electric vehicles, use a BLDC motor
(Brushless Direct Current Motor). This report presents a way of designing and implementing an
electronic module for an e-Bike. The report shows how a low power, 8-bit microcontroller can
be used to drive such a motor and also manage other useful functions on an e-Bike.
INTRODUCTION
The necessary needs of an EV are reduced design effort, lower cost, less depreciation,
and optimization of the volume and weight needed by the traction drive system. These
necessities have led to develop a new generation of electric drives which are called multi- machine drive systems. Optimization of the weight and volume, reliable performance with less
protection requirements, and low price of multi-machine systems compared to conventional
systems are the reasons of usage of these systems in EVs. The rapid urbanization has also
resulted in a more increase the number of motor vehicles. The vehicle fleets have even doubled
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European Journal of Business &
Social Sciences
Available at https://ejbss.org/
ISSN: 2235-767X
Volume 07 Issue 05
May 2019
Available online: https://ejbss.org/ P a g e | 132
in some cities in the last one few years. As the number of vehicles continues to grow and the
consequent congestion increases, vehicles are now becoming the large source of air pollution. In
multi-machine drive systems, controllers of the machines must create a combined system as an
electric differential; in addition to control of the drive. The electric differential should be
considered to calculate the difference between the EV speed in different road conditions [5].
Transportation involves the combustion of fossil fuels to create energy translated into
motion. Pollution is created from incomplete carbon reactions, unburned hydrocarbons or other
elements present in the fuel or air during combustion. These processes produce pollution
elements of various species, including carbon monoxide, soot, various gaseous and liquid vapour
hydrocarbons, oxides of sulphur and nitrogen, sulphate and nitrate particulates, ash and lead.
These primary pollution elements can, in turn, react in the atmosphere to form ozone, secondary
particulates, and other damaging secondary pollution elements. Combustion also creates carbon
dioxide, the primary greenhouse gas. The share of fossil fuel used in the transport sector varies
widely from region to region and city to city. A number of factors can be identified as
influencing the amount of emissions attributable to the transport section, and an effective
strategy will need to consider all these factors. They include the amount that vehicles are used in
a given country or city area; the age of the vehicle fleet and the technology used within it; the
extent to which vehicles are properly maintained; the availability of appropriate fuels and the
extent to which they are used properly; and Atmospheric, climatological and topological
conditions. Air pollution is one of the serious environmental problem of the urban areas. The
health related problems such as respiratory diseases, risk of developing cancers and other serious
ailments etc. due to poor air quality. Air pollution is a phenomenon by which particles (solid or
Liquid) and gases contact with the environment. Such contamination can result in health effects
on the population, which might be either chronic, or due accidents.
CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATING PRINCIPLE
The general BLDC motor drive is shown in Fig 3.1. Since BLDC motor is an
electronically commutated machine, the switching of each phase depends on the current rotor
position.
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European Journal of Business &
Social Sciences
Available at https://ejbss.org/
ISSN: 2235-767X
Volume 07 Issue 05
May 2019
Available online: https://ejbss.org/ P a g e | 133
Fig. 3.1. BLDC motor drive – General schematic. [4]
This can be determined using hall sensors. Electronic commutation done by using a
Voltage Source Inverter (VSI). Each switch of VSI conducts for period of 1200 and each
switching pair is conducts for 600. The logic used for developing the commutation strategy can
be described by equations (1), (2), and (3)
Out1 = HA – HB (1)
Out 2 = HB – HC (2)
Out 3 = HC – HA (3)
