Page 1 of 4
European Journal of Business &
Social Sciences
Available at https://ejbss.org/
ISSN: 2235-767X
Volume 07 Issue 05
May 2019
Available online:https://ejbss.org/ P a g e | 881
Abrasive Wear Evolution In Concrete Pavements
A. VIJAYA SURESH KUMAR
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
PRIST(Deemed to be University), THANJAVUR.
ABSTRACT
Coarse aggregate has notable influence on concrete properties. The sustainability in concrete
is generally achieved through reduced mining of natural resources required for the
manufacturing of its basic constituents, by recycling of suitable industrial by-products or
post-consumer materials including construction and demolition waste (CDW). CDW is
composed of several materials depending on its locality of the origin. Recycled concrete
aggregate (RCA) is obtained by crushing the concretized components of CDW. RCA is
inhomogeneous with respect to its dynamic properties unlike natural coarse aggregate (NCA).
A pavement concrete has to possess a proper strength and adequate abrasion resistance to
resist surface wearing due to a moving traffic. This study presents the influence of using RCA
as a replacement of NCA in paving concrete.
INTRODUCTION
The global demand for construction
quality aggregates is expected to be more
than 51 billion metric tons by 2019 [1].
The mining, processing, and transport
operations for such a large quantityof
aggregates consume a huge amount of
energy and adversely affect the ecology of
the areas and riverbeds [2]. Ever
increasing demand for quality aggregates
has resulted in a faster rate of depletion of
natural resources such as rocks, river, as
well as land quarried sand, in many parts
of the world endangering sustainable
developments. Though the demand for
aggregates is entirely based upon region to
region, depending upon economic growth;
generally, the availability of good
aggregates is getting scarce everywhere. In
concrete, the sustainability is generally
achieved through a reduced mining of
natural resources for the manufacturing of
its basic constituents, by recycling of
suitable industrial byproducts or post- consumer materials including construction
anddemolition waste (CDW). Such usage
requires that the durability of the concrete
is not compromised but enhanced. The
scarcity of availability of aggregates
followed by rapid growth in infrastructural
Page 2 of 4
European Journal of Business &
Social Sciences
Available at https://ejbss.org/
ISSN: 2235-767X
Volume 07 Issue 05
May 2019
Available online:https://ejbss.org/ P a g e | 882
development calls for finding suitable
alternative sources for it. Among all the
alternate sources for aggregates, the
recycling of construction and demolition
waste (CDW) has grown in popularity
because it is generally available
everywhere [3]. Further, across several
measures, use of RCA has a lower
environmental impact than NCA [2].
CDW is generated whenever a building,
road, bridge, industrial structure or a
manufacturing facility is constructed,
repaired or rehabilitated or demolished. A
majority of RCA material comes from
building renovations and demolition.
Such demolition activities pollute the
environment by releasing dust particles.
CDW is typically composed of wood,
plaster, concrete, asphaltic cement, roofing
materials, glass, plastics, metal,insulating
materials, carpeting, and other similar
material depending on its locality of the
origin. The construction and demolition is
a continuous process, which seemingly
will continue forever. The world needs to
address a judicious management of the
solid waste that it generates from
construction and demolition processes.
Recycled aggregate contains other
deleterious materials, which make it
difficultfor complete replacement of a
good quality natural aggregatefor concrete;
and, therefore, restricting its many
applications such as in reinforced concrete
structural elements. Several studies [6–16]
have shown that the fresh and hardened
state properties of concrete made with
RCA widely depend upon the quality of
the parent concrete from CDW. The
maximum nominal size of recycled
aggregate influences the amount of mortar
attached to the recycled aggregate. The
finer the aggregate, more mortar content is
attached\ to it [7–10]. Due to this reason,
specific broad conclusions are difficult to
make for the use of RCA. A general
conclusion for the reference purposes
about the properties of concrete made with
recycled aggregate with respect to natural
aggregate with same water-to-cement
(W/C) ratio is shown in Table 2. However,
it is important to note that the quality of
the concrete made with recycled aggregate
depends entirely upon the quality of
recycled aggregate; the proportion at
which it has replaced natural aggregate,
the amount of cement paste adhered to it,
and other similar factors.
Due to a wide variation in the available
literature, it is apparent that numerous
experimental data are generated for the in- house needs, using local RCA, in order to
draw any specific conclusion for a given
project activity. A lower density, higher
Page 3 of 4
European Journal of Business &
Social Sciences
Available at https://ejbss.org/
ISSN: 2235-767X
Volume 07 Issue 05
May 2019
Available online:https://ejbss.org/ P a g e | 883
water absorption, higher porosity and a
lower specific gravity for the mortar
content attached to the recycled aggregate
in comparison with natural aggregate
result in a decrease in compressive
strength, modulus of elasticity, density, as
well as durability factor of concrete. In a
recent study Knaack and Kurama [25]
have reported an insignificant influence on
the rate of strength gain of RCA concrete
compared to NCA concrete. An extensive
study by Silva et al. [26] suggests that a
performance based classification of RCA
based on its physical properties for the use
of RCA in concrete can minimize the
variation in the properties of concrete
containing it. Concrete used in the
construction of road surfaces, bridge
decks, airfield runways, parking lots, and
other similar applications is generally
known as a pavement concrete or
pavement-quality concrete.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
The experimental study includes the
evaluation of the suitability of the recycled
concrete aggregates and comparison of
their properties with natural coarse
aggregates of similar size range,
evaluation of sand, testing of cement,
preparation and testing of concrete
specimens for the study of influences of
the replacement of NCA with RCA on
concrete properties for pavement
construction.
MATERIALS
The materials used include; an ordinary
portland cement (OPC), crushed quartzite
natural and recycled aggregate in size
range of 4.75 mmto 20 mmmsa, land
quarried sand for concrete, tap water, and
polycarboxylate ether-based high range
water reducing agent (HRWRA). The
basic properties of the OPC used in the
study are presented in Table 3. The
gradation of fine aggregate (sand) is
presented in Table 4. The water
absorption, specific gravity, and bulk
density of sand were 1.0%, 2.65, and 1600
kg/m3, respectively. Potable water
available at CSIR-CRRI laboratory was
used for the mixing of the concrete mixes
and for the curing of the concrete
specimens. A high-range water reducing
agent (HWRA) was used to get the desire
workability for the concrete.
RECYCLED VERSES NATURAL
COARSE AGGREGATE
RCA in the size range of 4.75–10 mm and
10–20 mm was collected from a
commercial recycling plant from time to
assess the variation in its composition, as
