Page 1 of 4

European Journal of Business &

Social Sciences

Available at https://ejbss.org/

ISSN: 2235-767X

Volume 07 Issue 05

May 2019

Available online:https://ejbss.org/ P a g e | 997

Study On The Effects Of Fine Content On Semi-Dense Bituminous Concrete Mixes

N. DHANESH SEKHAR

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

PRIST (Deemed to be University), THANJAVUR.

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the suitability of ceramic waste as a filler material in

Semi-Dense Bituminous Concrete. A bituminous concrete mixes with ceramic dust and hydrated

lime were prepared in different proportions (3% and 5%) as filler. The amount of optimum

binder content was determined by Marshall Stability test for samples. The mechanical

performance was determined for Marshall Stability, deformation behavior or flow, as well as for

density and void characteristics base on prevailing Indian standardsspecifications. Results show

that the stability values and other parameters of samplescontaining ceramic wastes are improved

in comparison to conventional mineral filler. Thebenefits of using ceramic waste in bituminous

concrete mixture as mineral filler (3-5%) aretherefore recommended. The replacement of

conventional filler like lime and other mineral inbituminous concrete by ceramic wastes will

have major environmental benefits.

INTRODUCTION

Semi-dense bituminous concrete is the most

commonly used pavement material due to its

construction procedures. The ever increasing

economic cost and lack ofavailability of

natural material have opened the opportunity

to explore locallyavailable waste material. If

industrial waste materials can be suitably

used in roadconstruction, the pollution and

disposal problems may be partially reduced.

Asreported, Indian ceramics industry, which

is comprised of wall and floor tiles,

sanitaryware, bricks and roof tiles,

refractory materials and ceramic materials

for domesticand others use is producing

approximately 15 to 30 MT per annum

waste. The state ofGujarat accounts for

around 70% of total ceramic production in

India and out of totalproduction 30% goes as

waste and dumped in the open spaces.

The advantages of using ceramic waste dust

in road construction as mineral filler are:

Page 2 of 4

European Journal of Business &

Social Sciences

Available at https://ejbss.org/

ISSN: 2235-767X

Volume 07 Issue 05

May 2019

Available online:https://ejbss.org/ P a g e | 998

(i) Ceramic dust available at zero economic

cost

(ii) Chemical and mechanical properties will

be consistent

(iii) Road construction activity approaches

to become green

(iv) Durable, hard and highly resistant to

biological, chemical and physical

degradation forces.

Researches show that potential use of the

ceramic wastes in the construction industry

is beneficial. Concrete mixtures with

ceramic aggregates perform better than the

control concrete mixtures concerning

compressive strength, workability, capillary

water absorption, oxygen permeability and

chloride diffusion, thus leading to more

durable concrete structures. It was reported

that recycled, eco-efficient ceramic

aggregate concrete present superior

mechanical behavior compared to

conventional concrete as it interfere in a

negative way during hydration process. In

case of flowableconcrete, the recycled

ceramic aggregates were found more

workable and compactthan in case of natural

aggregate. It was noticed that fine carbonate

fillers complementthe deficiency in fine

particles of the cement's particle size

distribution, whichenhance both the flow

ability and stability of fresh concrete.

Ceramic dust gets fill inbetween the

relatively coarser cement grains, reducing

the room available for waterand

consequently the water demand. The

contribution of hydroxide and

calciumcarbonate as a filler in the mixture

increases its preserved resistance up to

40%,fulfilling the Indian codal

specifications for its application in cement

constructionwork. Furthermore, the filler

contribution is demonstrated to improve the

adherencebetween aggregate–bitumen under

the effect of water by 45%.

MATERIALS AND EXPERIMENTS

Crushed quartzite aggregate was used as

coarse aggregate (20 mm and 10 mm) in this

experimental investigation. Aggregates were

obtained from Chikhli local quarry around

Surat city, in the state of Gujarat, India. The

sizes of aggregate and stone dust were used

as per specification (MORTH 2013).

Aggregate material tests were carried out

based on Indian standards, in order to

ascertain the physical and mechanical

Page 3 of 4

European Journal of Business &

Social Sciences

Available at https://ejbss.org/

ISSN: 2235-767X

Volume 07 Issue 05

May 2019

Available online:https://ejbss.org/ P a g e | 999

properties of the material to be used in the

samples of Marshall Stability mixtures.

Mixture Design and Sample Preparation

In the study, aggregate grading curve for

bitumen mixture were obtained from

MORTH Specification (MORT&H, 2012).

Sieve analysis were carried out andobtained

grading curve used in the study. Mix design

was done according to MarshallMethod.

Specimens each of 2.5 inch (64 mm) height

and 4 inch (102 mm) diameterwere prepared

at different bitumen content (4.5-7%) for

filler content at 3% and 5%.

Marshall Test was carried out to find the

optimum binder content for both

filler(Ceramic waste and lime). Sample

Specimens shown in Figure 1 were prepared

usingMarshall Compactor by giving 75

blows with hammer freefall height of 457

mm onone side of the mould.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The Optimum Binder Content (OBC) for

specimens containing 3% and 5% ceramic

waste (CW) was estimated to be 5.57% and

5.80% respectively and that for thesample

containing 3% and 5% lime (L) came out to

be 5.18% and 5.49% respectively.

This clearly indicates the similarities

between ceramic waste and lime. Results are

incrasing and may be used to ceramic can

replace lime.

It was noted that the ceramic wastes meet all

minimum requirements as per MORTH

2012 Specification as a filler material in

SDBC.

Optimum Binder Content (OBC)

Requirement for Ceramic Waste & Lime

The estimated OBC values for ceramic filler

(5.57% -5.80%) is higher than that of lime

(5.18%-5.49%) at both 3% and 5% filler

content. The higher requirement of binder in

mixes with ceramic waste as filler might be

due to the larger surface per unit volume and

greater absorption of binder by ceramic

waste.

Marshall Stability

Marshall Stability values are higher in case

of ceramic filler at both 3% and 5% filler

content. The stability values for the ceramic

waste as filler is highest among all at 5%

filler content and about 10% higher than

conventional filler (lime). The stability value

increases till the addition of 5% and 5.5%

bitumen content in3% and 5% lime mixes

respectively and then decreases rapidly.