Page 1 of 21
European Journal of Business &
Social Sciences
Available at https://ejbss.org/
ISSN: 2235-767X
Volume 07 Issue 05
May 2019
Available online: https://ejbss.org/ P a g e | 1327
Depression and Well-being in females during Puerperium:
Psychological Intervention
Deepika* and Madhu Anand**
Abstract
The present research is an attempt to explore the depression level and well-being in
female participants in puerperium stage (the recent four months after the child birth). The
total sample was 400 female participants in the age range of 20-30 years. Out of 400
participants, those females found with high depression and poor well-being were given
psychological intervention in the form of counseling. After the counseling schedule was over
the post test condition was taken and thus the results were analysed using t test and were
discussed. The findings suggest that there is a positive effect of psychological counseling on
females having high depression and low well-being during puerperium stage and thus
counseling helped in reducing the depression level and increasing well-being during this
period.
Keywords: Puerperium depression, mild depression, moderate depression, Well- being, Counseling
*Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, M.D.U Rohtak
**Professor, Department of Psychology, M.D.U Rohtak
The term “depression” has become very common in today’s society. Depression
is a more repeatedly and easily used subject now. The classification of depression
can affect the life in different ways which is based on many factors. It includes the
type of symptoms which are experienced, their severity, and how often they occur.
Page 2 of 21
European Journal of Business &
Social Sciences
Available at https://ejbss.org/
ISSN: 2235-767X
Volume 07 Issue 05
May 2019
Available online: https://ejbss.org/ P a g e | 1328
Sometimes a particular type of depression also cause a temporary spike in the
severity of symptoms.
(a) Mild
(b) Moderate
(c) Severe
Mild depression
Mild depression involves more than just feeling blue temporarily. The
symptoms can go on for days and are noticeable enough to interfere with the usual
activities. These symptoms are:
Irritability or anger
Hopelessness
Feelings of guilt and despair
A loss of interest in activities once enjoyed
Difficulties concentrating at work
A lack of motivation
A sudden disinterest in socializing
Aches and pains with seemingly no direct cause
Daytime sleepiness and fatigue
Insomnia
Appetite changes
Weight changes
Reckless behavior, such as abuse of alcohol and drugs, or gambling
Page 3 of 21
European Journal of Business &
Social Sciences
Available at https://ejbss.org/
ISSN: 2235-767X
Volume 07 Issue 05
May 2019
Available online: https://ejbss.org/ P a g e | 1329
Moderate depression
Moderate depression is the next level up from mild depression. Moderate and mild
depression share common symptoms. Additionally, moderate depression may cause:
problems with self-esteem
reduced productivity
feelings of worthlessness
increased sensitivities
excessive worrying
The greatest difference is that the symptoms of moderate depression are severe
enough to cause problems at home and work.
Severe depression
Severe depression is classified as having the symptoms of mild to moderate
depression. Episodes of major depression last an average of six months or longer.
Sometimes severe depression can go away after a while, but it can also be recurrent
for some people. Diagnosis is especially crucial in severe depression, and it may
even be time-sensitive.
Major forms of depression may also cause:
delusions
feelings of stupor
hallucinations
suicidal thoughts or behaviors
