Page 1 of 8
European Journal of Business &
Social Sciences
Available at https://ejbss.org/
ISSN: 2235-767X
Volume 06 Issue 10
October 2018
Available online: https://ejbss.org/ P a g e | 148
Þfons'kh ;k=kvksa dh dgkuh MkWŒ /ke Zohj Hkkjrh dh tqckuhÞ
fQjkst vkye
'kks/k&Nk=] fgUnh foHkkx] gf.M;k ihŒthŒ dkyst] iz;kxjkt
dykdkj ds thou ifjp; dk ;|fi mlds lkfgR;&'kks/k ls izR;{k lEcU/k ugha fn[kk;h nsrk] ijUrq
fdlh Hkh dykdkj dk thou&ifjos'k mlds laLdkj vkSj mldh #fp;k¡ cgqr nwj rd mlds lkfgR; dk s
izHkkfor djrh gSA blfy, fdlh Hkh lkfgR;dkj dh vuqHkwfr;ksa vkSj mlds lkfgR; dks Hkyh izdkj l s
le>us&le>kus ds fy, mlds thou&ifjp; dk egÙo le>k tk ldrk gSA
oLrqr% ;k=k dk vkjEHk vR;Ur izkphu gS] ;k=k dh ijEijk Hkkjr esa mlh le; ls vkjEHk gks pqdh Fkh]
tc bl ns'k dk lEiw.kZ tu&eu lk/kkj.k Lrj ij fofHkUu fn'kkvksa esa O;kIr l aLÑfr ls tqM+ x;k FkkA
;k=kvksa ds fo"k; esa MkW0 /keZohj Hkkjrh th dk dFku gS] ^;k=kvksa ds ckjs esa ,d ckr eSusa eglwl dh gS
tks cMk+ vthc gSa] ysfdu cgqr lpA esjk [k;ky gS fd nwljs ;kf=;ksa us Hkh bls t:j eglwl fd;k
gksxk] ysfdu vpjt gS fd mUgksaus dgk D;ksa ugha\ vDlj ,slk gksrk gS fd blds cgqr igys fd ge
lkr leqnzikj fdlh vuns[ks ns'k esa tk,¡] mls ns[ksa& og igys ls gh gekjh dYiuk esa clk gqvk gksrk
gSaA dqN lquk] dqN i<+k] dqN vuqeku fd;k gqvkA vkSj tc ge lpeqp ,d fnu ogk¡ tkr s gSa rks mlh
dk ,d fcYdqy futh] viuk laLej.k lkFk fy;s gq, tkrs gSaA ge ckgj Hkh tkrs gSa vkSj lkFk&lkFk
Le`fr;ksa vkSj dYiukvksa ds ns'k esa Hkh lekukUrj ;k=k djrs pyrs gSaA1
fu'p; gh ;g ,glkl muds ;k=k&o`ÙkkÙkksa dks i<+rs gq, ,d ikBd dks Hkh gksrk gSaA os ^bXyS.M+ % exj
dkSu lk^ ;k=k&o`ÙkkUr fy[krs gq, lcls igys ;gh dgrs gSa fd ^^cpiu ls ,d bXyS.M + esjk Fkk] fcYdqy
esjkA dqN cpiu ls cuh /kkj.kvksa] fdrkcksa esa i<s + fooj.kksa] xksYM fLeFk ls ysdj tku vlcuZ rd dh
Le`fr;ksa ls ladfyr izfrfØ;kvksa vkSj dfork&iqLrdksa vkSj ,yceksa dk ,d fcYdqy viuk futh bXy S.M+!
vius ns'k dh lhek igyh ckj yk¡?kdj vutku fn'kk esa tkus dk mpVko tc tjk 'kfer gqvk rc eSus
vdLekr~ eglwl fd;k fd eSa vdsys ugha tk jgk gw¡] ,d bXyS.M + esjs lkFk tk jgk gSaA^^ blh Øe esa
;k=kjEHk esa muds Hkhrj dk cPpk pkSddj tkx tkrk g SaA cpiu dh Le`fr;k¡ lkeus vk tkrh gSa vkSj os
vius bl lafpr vuqHko dh vk¡[k ls bXyS.M+ dks ns[krs gSaA
Hkkjrh th dh ;k=k,¡ vDlj ,slh gh Le`fr;ksa ls 'kq: gksrh gSa vkSj ^vkReh;rk^ dh ue tehu dks Nwrh
gSaA ;g vkReh;rk muds ;k=k&o`ÙkkUrks a dh loZizeq[k fo'ks"krk gSaA fcuk fdlh lEcks/ku ds viuh fiz;rek
Page 2 of 8
European Journal of Business &
Social Sciences
Available at https://ejbss.org/
ISSN: 2235-767X
Volume 06 Issue 10
October 2018
Available online: https://ejbss.org/ P a g e | 149
iRuh dks fyf[kr ^dksgjs dk uxj % V~;wfyi ds }kj^ uked ;k=k&o`ÙkkUr esa ;g vkReh;rk lok Zf/kd
izxk<+ gSaA bl izxk<+rk dh pje vfHkO;fDr muds dfo&ân; us ,slh dkO;kRed ifDr;ksa esa dh g Sa&
^^tkurh gks] ijn s'k esa igyh vuqHk wfr D;k gSa\ ?kj fdruk vPNk yxus yxrk gSa! ;gk¡ vHkh 'kke gSaA eSau s
lQj vHkh&vHkh fy;k gSaA ogk¡ 'kk;n vk/kh jkr gks pqdh gksxhA lks jgh gks\ mBks] ns[kks rqEgkjs fy, nks
gh rhu fnu esa fdruh phtsa cVksjh gSa\ tjk gYds ls bu ijrksa dks [kksyks vkSj ns[kks vUnj D;k&D;k g SaA
;g yks ,d eqBB+h dksgjk&yUnu dh elgwj phtA l qcg&'kke lkjs dk;ZØe LFkfxr dj vDlj
vksojdksV yisVdj bl dksgjs esa fu#n~ns'; HkVdrk jgk gw¡A esjk ekFkk] esjh iyds a] esjs gksaB] esjs
mM+rs&fc[kjr s cky bl dksgjs dk vtuch lnZ Li'kZ] bu lc ij vHkh rktk gSaA yks bls lgst yksA
vkSj ;g yks] tjk /khjs ls nksuksa gFksfy;ksa es a ck¡/kks] ugha rks vHkh lkjk dejk vLr&O;Lr gks tk;sxkA
tkurh gks D;k g S\ csgn [kwcl wjr dLcs ekyksZ ds ikl] VsEl ds fdukj s dh ljk; ds ckgj okys vk¡xu es a
pyrh gqbZ rst oQhZyh gok dk >ks adk tks udyh >jus dks NsMrk gqvk vk;k Fkk] Qwy&ynh Mkfy;ksa dks
>d>ksj dj <sj&ds&<sj psjh ds Qwy gekjh f[kM +dh ds cUn 'kh'kksa ij Qsad x;k Fkk] >j&>jA bl <hB
>dksjs dks vk¡py esa xk¡B ck¡/kdj j[kksaA3 bu vkSj ,slh gh vkReh;rk ls ljkcksj fdruh gh iafDr;kas e as
dkO;kRedrk dk lgt gh lekos'k gks x;k g SA lkFk gh izÑfr dk Hkh vkReh; vadu gSA
MkW0 /keZohj Hkkjrh ds vf/kdka'k ;k=k&o`ÙkkUr bfro`ÙkkRed ,oa HkkokRed gSaA dfo&ân; ds gksus l s
mUgkasus HkkokRed x| fy[kk gS] ftlls Lor% gh vyadkfjdrk vk x;h g SA lkFk gh mueas okrkoj.k dh
iz/kkurk gSA fcEc/kfeZrk ds dkj.k muds ;k=k&o`ÙkkUrkas eas ;k=k&LFkyksa dk lewpk okrkoj.k thoUr gks
mBrk gSA ;gk¡ rd fd os vn`'; ,sfrgkfld okrkoj.k dks Hkh mruh gh izk.koÙkk ds lkFk izLrqr dj nsrs
gSaA blfy, ;s o`ÙkkUr fo'oluh; gSaA ns[ksa& Þigys rks eSa ;g Hkh ugha igpku ldk fd ;s Qwy dkSu ls
gSa] foeqX/k jax&gr [kM+k jgkA Vwuh jax dk yky bl dnj pedhyk gks ldrk gS\ vkSj xqykch\ vkSj ;g
cSxuh\ ;g uhyk\ dHkh&dHkh liukas eas tks vlEHko fn[kkbZ nsr s gSa u] mlls Hkh T;knk vlEHko vn~Hkqr
jaxA vkSj [ksr ds [ksrA jax&jax ds tky ekuksa lglk QSys vkSj eq>s my>k ys x;sA vkSj tc psruk
ykSVh rks eglwl gqvk fd vc yUnu vtuch ugh a jgk vHkh rd ekuks dksgjs dh nhokj Fkh vkSj e Sa
yUnu ds ckgj Fkk] njokts cUn lsA 'kgj fu"izk.k Fkk] tM+ fuLiUn! V~;wfyi feyrs gh yxk tSls dksbZ
,d cUn njoktk] yUnu dk dksbZ vUrjax }kj [kqyk vkSj eSa vUnj ys fy;k x;kA Qwykas&fy[ks vkeU=.k
}kjkAÞ4
Hkkjrh th dks teZuh ds ,d ;k=k&o`ÙkkUr] Þudkckas ds ihNs % nhokjkas ds ikjÞ eas mudk lqUnj vuqHko
izkIr gksrk g SA bl ;k=k&o`ÙkkUr dk izkjEHk os bl izdkj ls djrs gSa& ÞvHkh&vHkh fi?kyh gqbZ oQZ ls
Page 3 of 8
European Journal of Business &
Social Sciences
Available at https://ejbss.org/
ISSN: 2235-767X
Volume 06 Issue 10
October 2018
Available online: https://ejbss.org/ P a g e | 150
/kqydj rktk ue] [kq'kuqek ?kkl] isM +kas dh Å¡ph Mkfy;kas e as my>h g qbZ lqcg dh ihyh /kwi] vtuoh]
vutku fpfM+;kas dk pgpgkuk vkSj uktqd tkyhnkj ijn s f[kldkrs gh nhokj ij pksjh ls p<+dj dejs
eas >kadus dh dksf'k'k djrh gqbZ ,d ihys Qwyksokyh yVj dk f>>d dj ihNs gV tkuk eq>s ;g D;kas
yx jgk gS fd cfyZu dh ;g igyh&igyh lqcg okLro eas igyh&igyh ugha gS] eSa vkSj dHkh ftls th
pqdk gw¡A dgha vkSj ugha] ;gh cfyZu easAÞ5 vkSj vkxs bldk jgL; Hkh [kksy nsr s gSa fd& Þ;gh lqcg] ,slh
gh /kwi] ,slh gh Nk;knkj lM+d vkSj ;gh fi;kuks dh xr&fjYds ls igyh ckj feyus tc csuosVuqVk
vk;h FkhAÞ ;kuh] mUgs a fjYds dh csuosu qVk }kjk fyf[kr ml thouh dh ;kn Fkh] tks muds fe=
fclkfj;k th us dHkh migkj esa nh Fkh] os vius }kjk igys i<+h gqbZ bl i qLrd ds n `';ks a esa [kksdj cfyZu
dks ns[krs gS aA
MkWŒ Hkkjrh us bl ;k=k o`ÙkkUr esa bl izdkj dk HkkoukRed vadu fd;k gS] ÞeSa pqipki Ýkm dk psgjk
ns[krk jgkA 35 ikj dj pqdh gksxh] e sdvi ds uhps dh >qfjZ;k¡ crk jgh FkhA ;g psgjk dHkh iryk]
uktqd vkSj vkd"kZd jgk gksxk vkSj tc cfyZu esa igys :lh] fQj vejhdh] Ýkalhlh lsukvksa dh fot;h]
enksU;kl tRFkks a us izos'k fd;k gksxk] tc rks Ýkm dS'kks;Z ikj dj vius iwjs rcLlqe ij gksxhA blds
ckn----- ugha] ugha iwNuk pkgrk fd fot;h :lh lsuk ds D;k vuqHko gksaxs] ftUgksaus mUgs a bruk dVq vkSj
vle; c`)] uhjl vkSj dBksj cuk fn;k gSA eSa ugh a iwNw¡xk] D;ksafd eSa lqu pqdk gw¡ fd tc teZu lsuk,¡
fot;h gksdj psdksLyksokfd;k] iksyS.M vkSj lksfo;r :l dks inkØkUr djrh gqbZ ekLdks dh vksj c<+
jgh Fkh] rc mUgksaus D;k fd;k FkkA fot;h lsuk dh eukso `fRr ogh gksrh gS] pkgs og usiksfy;u dh
Ýkalhlh lsuk gks] pkgs fgVyj dh ukth lsuk gks] pkgs LVkfyu dh yky lsuk gks] pkgs----- vkSj Bhd blh
izdkj ijkftr tkfr dh izfrfØ;k vkSj ;kruk ,d gh gksrh gS] pkgs og nhokj ds bl vksj gks ;k ml
vksjAÞ6
MkWŒ /keZohj Hkkjrh th us b.Mksu sf'k;k % rhu Le`fr;k¡ vkdk'k nhi jRue~] Hkkjrekrk] xk¡/kh Le`fr %
vk/khjkr dk cktkj] esa b.Mksu sf'k;k dh jktuhfrd] lkaLÑfrd izkÑfrd ,oa lkekftd fLFkfr dk foLr `r
,oa iw.kZ :is.k o.kZu fd;k gSA
MkWΠHkkjrh th us b.Mksu sf'k;k esa Hkkjrh; jktn wr jRue~ th ds O;fDrRo vkSj fopkjksa dk o.kZu djrs gq,
fy[kk g S] Þmudk dguk Fkk fd Jhyadk] ikfdLrku] usiky] oekZ] ykvksl] FkkbZyS.M] dEiwfp;k] fo;ruke]
b.Mksu sf'k;k& ;s lHkh ns'k ,sls gSa] tgk¡ jkedFkk fofo/k :iksa esa izpfyr gSA bu lHkh txgksa esa mldk
Lo:i dsoy /kkfeZd u gksdj lkaLÑfrd gSA bu ns'kksa ds tu&ekul ij jkek;.k ds lkaLÑfrd ewY;ks a
dk xgjk izHkko gSA Hkkjr dks pkfg, fd if'pe dh vksj ns[kuk NksM+dj lkjs {ks= dks viuh oSnsf'kd
