Page 1 of 28
Journal for Studies in Management and Planning
Available at
http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/
ISSN: 2395-0463
Volume 04 Issue 06
June 2018
Available online: http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/ P a g e | 223
Effect of Sustainability Cost Accounting on Financial
Performance of Telecommunication Firms in Nigeria
Francis N. Udeh & Raymond A. Ezejio
Department of accountancy Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka
Mail:fn.udeh@unizik.edu.ng and thaddray4life@yahoo.com
Abstract
This study is to determine the effect of sustainability cost accounting on financial performance of
Nigerian telecommunication firms. Ex post fact research design and time series data were
adopted. Formulated hypotheses were tested using regression analysis with the aid of SPSS
Version 20.0. Based on this, the study found that Sustainability cost accounting has significantly
affected return on assets of Nigerian telecommunication firms. Another finding is that
sustainability cost accounting has significantly affected return on equity of Nigerian
telecommunication firms. Based on the findings, the researchers recommended among others
that it is necessary that environmental evaluation is carried out periodically (say every two
years) by technical staff charged (and with skills) with environmental management. The skills
can also be conveyed skillfully to stakeholders to constantly get involved in the environmental
evaluation of the companies activities.
Key words: sustainability reporting, financial performance and Nigerian telecommunications
INTRODUCTION
The concept of sustainability reporting
views as important both the traditional
concern of business organizations strategies
for profit maximization, diversification,
product differentiation as well as globally
assessing a firm’s performance on its
environment. However, the evolution of
strategic thinking underscores the need to
include activities that seek to integrate social
and environmental issues into business
decision making process, more so as firms
that properly integrates their environment
and people are viewed as socially
responsible (Nnamani, Onyekwelu, &Ugwu,
2017).
It believed that in today’s dynamic and
complex business environment, the
corporate sustainability is likely to influence
corporate profitability and overall
performance. It lays a foundation for
preserving and enhancing value of firm. The
firms reap plenty of strategic benefits as a
result of embedding sustainability in their
core strategies (Priyanka, 2014).
The programmes and policies of government
can play a vital role in encouraging and
motivating businesses to adopt EMA
Page 2 of 28
Journal for Studies in Management and Planning
Available at
http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/
ISSN: 2395-0463
Volume 04 Issue 06
June 2018
Available online: http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/ P a g e | 224
systems as an integral part of a firm’s
management accounting practices, such that
all project costs (including social and
environmental costs) become clearly
articulated, fully inventoried and properly
allocated over the life on an investment
(UNDESA; 2001). In addition, Betianu
(2005) conceptualized an environmental
management accounting system as a
management accounting system that has
been refined so as to enable users of the
system to be provided with information that
reflects the environmental performance of
the organization.
Sustainability often regarded as the
integration of three performance areas:
economic, social and environmental; is
viewed as a necessary practice for the
survival of modern business firms. Ballon,
Heitger, and Landes,(2009) submits that
organizations have over the time realized
that meeting stakeholders’ expectations is a
necessary condition for sustainability and
therefore needed to achieve overall strategic
business objective. The challenges presented
to modern day managers on how to manage
performance across the dimensions of
sustainability in order to derive the
synergistic benefits from its implementation
strategy. Elkington (1998) argues that the
key to managing organizational progress
towards sustainability is in the measurement
of what cannot be measured, you are likely
to find hard to manage.
Corporate Sustainability and its impact on
financial performance have emerged as
important areas for research in recent years
(Priyanka, 2014). Various studies have been
performed over the last decade for
examining this relationship. However, the
results have been mixed and inconclusive.
Moreover, most of the previous studies have
been conducted in the context of developed
countries (like US, Europe, UK, Australia,
etc.).
There are a lot of researches about the
environment disclosure (Nilandri,
Pattanayak & Mitali, 2008). Nowadays, the
demand for company to apply environment
disclosure is very high in order to save the
world and it is proved that company with
environment disclosure can achieve good
performance. There are many effects to the
financial performance with the existence of
environmental disclosure. Along with
economic growth, pressure on natural
systems and earth resources intensifies.
Business unit managers seek to reduce
operating costs and environmental impacts
resulting from operational activities (Azar,
Page 3 of 28
Journal for Studies in Management and Planning
Available at
http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/
ISSN: 2395-0463
Volume 04 Issue 06
June 2018
Available online: http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/ P a g e | 225
Shahbazi, Abad & Mousavi, 2014). Most of
researchers have explored how the
stringency of the environmental policy
regime affects a company’s EMA
applicability and financial performance.
Most of the studies who examined the
relationship between environmental
management and firm performance, some
found negative relationship Cortez and
Cudia (2011); McWilliams and Siegel
(2006); Kasum and Osemene (2010) while
many found positive relationship (Nakao,
Amano, Matsumura, Genba, & Nakano,
2007); Clause and Rikhardsson, (2008)
Ding (2009); Beredugo and Mefor (2012);
Moorthy and Yacob, (2013); Sayedeh and
Saudah (2014). Okoye and Ezejiofor (2013),
discovered that sustainable environmental
accounting has significant impact on
corporate productivity in order to enhance
corporate growth. The findings of these
studies were uncertain, besides few research
of this nature focused on those costs
incurred by these entities in maintaining
their environment where they operate in
order to ascertain whether this affect
corporate profitability, sustainability,
integrity and reputation. This issue becomes
critical and calls for further investigation to
determine the extent green accounting
reporting has affect the financial
performance of Nigerian corporate
organizations. Wibowo (2012), show that
there is positive impact of the social
performance to the profitability of the firms
and also there is positive impact of the
profitability of the company to the social
performance of the firms. sayedeh, and
saudah (2014), experimental findings are
quite controversial, Moreover, previous
research has not explored how the
stringency of the environmental policy
regime affects a company’s EMA
applicability and financial performance and
there is no universal agreement about the
actual impact of EMA on firm performance.
All of the above highlights the necessity of
development of the environment accounting
in our country; however there is limited
study on networking establishment
(Telecommunication firms) in Nigeria since
this establishment is one of the sectors that
have been contributing to the society.
Against the backdrop, there is need to
established the extent environmental cost
accounting has impacted on the financial
performance of Telecommunication firms in
Nigeria.
The main objective of this study is to
determine the effect of environmental cost
accounting on financial performance of
