Page 1 of 17
Journal for Studies in Management and Planning
Available at http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/
ISSN: 2395-0463
Volume 04 Issue 01
January 2018
Available online: http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/ P a g e | 1
Core Competencies as Significant Predictors
of Employees’ Performance
Rosario L. Paulo
Abstract
This exploratory study assumes that core competencies are significant predictors of employees’
performance. It is then the purpose of the study to classify employees according to performance and
identify significant predictors using cluster and regression analysis. In this study, employees are
performing very satisfactorily despite varying core competencies. With professionalism and good
communication skills, performance of some employees are enhanced, thereby attaining organizational
success.
Keywords: communication, interpersonal effectiveness, individual performance, SLSU
Introduction
The success of an organization depends
on the quality of human resources. They are the
costliest and most important asset in an
organization, particularly in getting or
sustaining competitive advantage. So, it is
necessary to ensure that the right people with
the right skills and values are in the right place
at the right time.
SLSU has new vision, mission and
structure that pursue innovations and new
strategies for better client services.
Implementing this change needs the human
resources to shift perspectives from where they
are to where they should be. For the university
to be capacitated to attain its goals and
expectations, it involves equipping its
employees with essential competencies to
competently deliver tangible results, and
managing organizational performance through
high performing managers and employees.
Employee’s performance represents
his/her contribution in the delivery of the
organization’s mandated functions and
achievement of expected deliverables. Most
organizations are completely aware of the
importance of employees’ performance,
continually improve their performance or to
find out the ways through which high level
performance can be achieved. According to
Armstrong (2006), performance is a continuous
and flexible process that involves managers and
those whom they manage acting as partners
within a framework that sets out how they can
best work together to achieve the required
results. Performance can be improved and
reinforced, be it individual or organizational.
As cited in the study of Thach et al (2015),
employee performance is the successful
completion of tasks by a selected individual or
individuals, as set and measured by a
supervisor or organization, to pre-defined
acceptable standards while efficiently and
effectively utilizing available resource within a
changing environment.
Page 2 of 17
Journal for Studies in Management and Planning
Available at http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/
ISSN: 2395-0463
Volume 04 Issue 01
January 2018
Available online: http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/ P a g e | 2
Fig. 1. Framework of the Study
Competencies are knowledge, skills,
behavior and values that are critical to
organization success as they are a source of
competitive advantage and streamline
organizational costs. The Civil Service
Commission considers competencies as
observable, measurable, and vital knowledge,
skills and attitudes which are a translation of
capabilities deemed essential for organization
success. Dubois and Rothwell (2004) defined
competencies as characteristics that individuals
have and use in appropriate, consistent ways in
order to achieve desired performance.
Core competencies are competitively
unique characteristics of the organization that
collectively lead to desired outputs and
outcomes as they are founded on its mission,
vision, values and culture. For Coyne, P. and
Kevin (2004), core competences are a set of
skills and knowledge that are integrated in the
team and that lead to the ability to implement
one or more of the critical processes to get to
the standards of international specifications.
Owing to the demand for improved
services by a more vocal clients of SLSU, and
building a performance and service oriented
bureaucracy that is truly accountable to the
people, there is a need to assess the
competencies and performance of the
university’s employees. This is to ensure their
contribution to attain its short and long-term
goals and acquire the mandated outputs and
outcome. Organizations are expected to support
their employees to acquire core competencies
to enhance performance and exceed client
satisfaction level. Some researchers
(www.isma.info) have claimed that assessment
of employee’s competencies provides an
effective method for predicting job
performance.
This study aims to determine if the
identified core competencies could be
considered as significant predictors of
employees’ performance.
Framework, Design and Method of the Study
This study assumes that core competencies are significant predictors of employees’
performance. In SLSU, performance is associated with quality, efficiency and timeliness of outputs
that are aligned to the university goals, values and initiatives, competent and well-timed discharge of
their core functions, consistent observance of rules and internal policies, participation in university
activities, and work attendance. The performance of employees in SLSU is measured on a regular
basis, twice every year with rating periods, January to June and July to December.
Professionalism
Communication
Customer Service
Personal Mastery/
Technical Skills
Interpersonal Effectiveness
Employee
Performance
Page 3 of 17
Journal for Studies in Management and Planning
Available at http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/
ISSN: 2395-0463
Volume 04 Issue 01
January 2018
Available online: http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/ P a g e | 3
The study identified five (5) core
competencies: professionalism,
communication, customer service,
interpersonal effectiveness and technical
skills/personal mastery. Professionalism refers
to the possession of right values as well as legal
and ethical conduct that characterize a person
in a work setting or profession. Communication
is the use of effective verbal and non-verbal
communication techniques appropriate to
people in different situations, as well as
listening and responding to achieve trust and
mutual understanding. Customer service speaks
of the commitment to satisfy client needs and
understanding their perspectives. Interpersonal
effectiveness is building and maintaining
rapport with supervisors, subordinates, peers,
clients, stakeholders and forming trusting and
respectful relationships. Personal mastery or
technical skills state the individual employee’s
strengths in terms of skills and knowledge to
perform his/her assigned tasks, and cuddles
continued growth and learning.
Data-Mining method was used to explore
data from the records of Administrative and
Human Resource Management Offices of
SLSU- Sogod. The data on competency level of
One Hundred (100) SLSU employees on the
five (5) core competencies were taken from the
results of Core Competencies Self-Assessment
Checklist accomplished by employees
(Appendix A), as a requirement for the
formulation of Individual Development Plan
(IDP). The performance ratings of the same
employees came from the evaluation results for
2014 and 2015 (Appendix B) filed in the
Human Resource Management Office, which
covered four (4) rating periods.
In this study, the employee’s
performance is the dependent variable and the
core competencies are the independent or
predictor variables. Using Minitab statistical
software, multiple regression analysis was
performed to build models which attempted to
illustrate the extent to which core competencies
contributed to employees’ performance. The
acceptable level of significance is equal to or
less than 5% (p 0.05).
Results and Discussion
The research findings indicated that
employees under Cluster 1 garnered very
satisfactory rating (3.82) despite having no
extensive qualities in all five (5) core
competencies and they manifested for the need
of additional learning and development.
Cluster 2 employees obtained a very
satisfactory rating (4.25) even with lower
degrees of interpersonal effectiveness and
technical skills, and they believed that they still
need more trainings on all of the identified core
competencies. Those who fall under Cluster 3
are employees with still very satisfactory rating
(3.65) despite of getting high on only one
competency which is interpersonal
effectiveness. With these results, it could be
said that even if the employees do not possess
higher degrees of core competencies, they can
still correctly and skilfully perform their job.
The findings suggest that the identified core
competencies may not be essential skills to
possess for them to become high performing
employees. A variety of researchers (Ryan
et.al, 2009; Spencer, et.al 2008; Qiao and
Wang, 2009; Fleury and Fleury 2005; Liu,
et.al, 2005; Collings, et.al 2010, Anwar, et.al,
2012; Clark and Armit, 2010; Asree, et. al,
2010; Pereira and Gomez, 2012) were
highlighting the validity and utility of
competencies in predicting employees’ work
performance and indicated the effects of certain
competencies on individual job performance.
