Page 1 of 7
Journal for Studies in Management and Planning
Available at
http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/
ISSN: 2395-0463
Volume 03 Issue 11
October 2017
Available online: http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/ P a g e | 323
A Study on Analysis of Wage and Salary Administration
Mallela Jangaiah,MBA
Department of management (finance)-JNTUH
Abstract: One of the most important and difficult problem of management is that of determining the rate of
monetary compensation i.e., the control of wage and salary levels is of paramount importance. The main objectives
of wage and salary administration are to control the cost, to establish a fair and equitable remuneration to all, to
utilize the wages and salary device as an incentive to greater employee productivity and to maintain a satisfactory
public relations image. In order to achieve objectives the top management or the chief executive officer is
responsible for developing the policies and procedures to administer the wages and salaries. The personal
managers, being a staff officer, place an important role in developing wage and salary policies and procedures. In
some organizations, the work is assigned to a wages and salary committee composed of line and staff executives
which makes the wage and salary surveys, approves the systems of job description and job evolution, recommends
the wage policies and the wage and salaries scheme department wise.
===============================================================
Key words: Human Resource Management Functions, Duties, Activities, and wages and Salary administration
Etc...
Introduction:
Wage & Salary Administration is essentially the
application of a systematic approach to the problem
of ensuring that employees are paid in a logical,
equitable & fair manner.
WAGE:
I.L.O defined the term “wage “as “The remuneration
paid by the employer for the services of hourly, daily,
weekly and fortnightly employees.” It also means
that remuneration paid to production and
maintenance or blue-collar employees. (Blue-collar
workers)
SALARY:
The term “SALARY” is defined as “The
remuneration paid to the clerical and managerial
personnel employed on monthly or annual basis”.
Wage/ Salary can be defined “As the direct
remuneration paid to an employee compensating his
services to an organization”. (White-collar workers).
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
To study and analyze the effectiveness of Wage and
Salary Administration in ZUARI CEMENTS
LIMITED.
To know about the Wage Board Award and Wage
Settlements of Cement Factory.
To study the implementation of Wage and Salary
Act.
To review the policies and agreements of wages and
salary administration in ZUARI CEMENTS
LIMITED.
To identify which factors affecting on Wage and
Salary Administration while giving salaries to
employees.
NEED OF THE STUDY
The major cause of industrial disputes in India is the
determination of fair wage or the increase in existing
wage level.
One of the most important and difficult problem of
management is that of determining the rate of
monetary compensation i.e., the control of wage and
salary levels is of paramount importance.
The main objectives of wage and salary
administration are to control the cost, to establish a
fair and equitable remuneration to all, to utilize the
wages and salary device as an incentive to greater
employee productivity and to maintain a satisfactory
public relations image.
Wage & Salary Administration is essentially the
application of a systematic approach to the problem
of ensuring that employees are paid in a logical,
equitable & fair manner.
The need of the study is to know what are the fair
wages that bring congruence between employees and
employer. It is a study to understand the application
of wages act in organization.
The project will help me to understand the
implementation of labour laws in organization , what
are the procedures adopted by the organization used
Page 2 of 7
Journal for Studies in Management and Planning
Available at
http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/
ISSN: 2395-0463
Volume 03 Issue 11
October 2017
Available online: http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/ P a g e | 324
to implement the acts and in turn help the
organization to identify the loopholes of
implementing these acts.
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The study enables me to understand the working of a
personnel department in manufacturing units and
especially implementation of wage and salary
administration.
Wage and salary administration is taken up as we can
see the industry are becoming very competitive and
the organizations are trying to gain an edge by
possessing quality people. One of the technique that
is used is by paying attractive salaries.
Zuari Cements is one of the organization which is
established in the protected period. Now it has to
compete with the new organizations who attract the
experience talent by giving them ransom salaries.
This study is taken up to understand the
implementation of wage and salary administration
and suggest if any the techniques to retain the quality
employees.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter includes various tools and techniques
that are used by the investigation that the method
followed in processing the research survey
Methodology includes a systematic way of collecting
the data through sample design, analyzing it,
processing data, interpreting the data for
requirements.
SOURCES OF DATA:
Primary data
Secondary data
Analysis of data
Primary data is collected in order to avoid any
mistakes due to transcription which may arise when
collected through secondary sources. The data is
collected by questionnaire method.
Secondary data is collected from the companies’
reports, manuals and brochures. Through company
records, books, HR reports etc.
SAMPLING PROCEDURE:
The sampling method used was random sampling.
The sampling method was used because of lack of
time and lack of knowledge about the universe. The
sample size was fixed to 100 respondents; the
sampling procedure is response form.
STATISTICAL TOOLS USED: BAR
DIAGRAM, PIE CHART
PERCENTAGE ANALYSIS:
In this research, various percentages are identified in
the analysis and they are presented pictorially by way
of bar diagrams and pie charts in order to have a
better quality.
LIMITAITONS OF THE STUDY
Though adequate care has been taken while doing the
project. This Project still suffers from certain
limitations. They are
The Quality of work life involves a wider range. The
present study examines it from identified and selected
dimensions only.
Time factor is the main constraints for the study
Information is bias while collecting the data from
employees
With the constraint of the information, employees are
hesitating to give the required information and were
not responding well.
Some respondents did not properly respond to the
Questionnaire; thus to eliminate this aspect the
researcher has also conducted some personal
interviews.
The existence of modern civilization without cement
is difficult to imagine in cities and towns. Cement is
synonymous with progress by modern standards. The
progress and size of the cement industry in any
country is taken as the major indicators of the growth
of the economy when the total demand is satisfied by
home production. Cement is an indicator of economic
process, which would mean the development of the
cement industry in the country cement consumption,
ought to be taken as a reliable index of the economic
growth.
In INDIA the first attempt to manufacture cement
was made early in the country when the EUROPEAN
COMPANY in the year 1904 opened a factory in
MADRAS “ SOUTH INDIAN INDUSTRIES
LIMITED “ for the purpose of manufacturing the
cement.\The real beginning of the cement industry
was started by the formation of INDIA CEMENT
LIMITED in 1914 under TATA’S management. The
INDIA CEMENT COMPANY started manufacturing
cement at PORUBANDAR on a large scale.
The total world production of cement is to be around
1600 million tons. Asia is the largest consumer (59
%) followed by EUROPE & AMERICA. The
concentration of Lime Stone deposits in few states
has led to the formation of cement plant clusters at
eight locations in INDIA, BILASPUR, SANTA,
CHANDRAPUR, GULBARGA, NALGONDA,
CHANDERIA, and YERRAGUNTLA &
TADIPATRI.
Three states of INDIA such as M.P, A.P & Rajasthan
contribute 26.7 %, 13.3 %, 11.70 % of the capacity
74 % of the total lime stone reserves are in the states
of M.P, A.P, Karnataka, Rajasthan and Gujarat. The
largest producer in terms of installed capacity is
BIRLA GROUP (above 25 %) followed by
associated cement company (11 %). INDIA is the
world’s fourth largest cement producer after
CHINA,JAPAN, & U.S. in 1996-97 cement
Page 3 of 7
Journal for Studies in Management and Planning
Available at
http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/
ISSN: 2395-0463
Volume 03 Issue 11
October 2017
Available online: http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/ P a g e | 325
manufacture involve heating a mixture of lime stone
and clay, partial fusion occurs and lumps called
clinker are formed.
The clinker is mixed with a little Gypsum to give
Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), mixing with blast
furnace slag of fly ash fields Portland blast furnace
slag cement (PBSFC), and Portland Pazzolona
Cement(PPC) respectively. The OPC,PPC,&PBSFC
are 70%,18% and 11% respectively, the
manufacturing process has also changed from the in
efficient bed process to the move efficient dry
process 87 % of the total capacity is dry process & 11
% is wet.
What is CEMENT?
Cement is mixture of LIME STONE, CLAY, and
SILICA & GYPSUM. It is fine powder which when
mixed with water sets to a hard mass as a result of
hydration of the constituent’s compounds. It is most
commonly used construction material.
Different Types of CEMENT
There are different verities of cement based on
different consumptions according to specific end
users namely
1. ORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT ( OPC )
2. PORTLAND PAZZOLONA CEMENT (PPC)
3. PORTLAND BLAST FURNACE SLAG
CEMENT (PBSFC)
4. WHITE CEMENT
5. SPECIALIZED CEMENT
The basic difference lies in the percentage of clinker
used.
ORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT (OPC)
OPC popularly known as gray cement has 95 %
clinker and 5 % of Gypsum and other materials. It
accounts for 70% of the total consumption. White
cement is a variation of OPC and is used for the
decorative purposes like rendering of walls, flooring
etc., it contains a very low portion of iron oxide.
PORTLAND PAZZOLONA CEMENT (PPC)
PPC has 80 % Clinker, 15 % of Pazzolona and 5% of
Gypsum and accounts for 18% of the total cement
consumption. Pozolona has siliceous and aluminous
materials that do not possess cementing properties
but develop these properties in the presence of water.
It is cheaply manufactured, because it uses fly ash/
burnt clay/coal waste as the main ingredient. It has a
lower heat of hydration, which helps in preventing
cracks where large volumes are being caste.
PORTLAND BLAST FUNACE SLAG CEMENT
(PBSFC)
PBSFC consists of 45 % of Clinker, 50% of blast
furnace slag and 5 % of Gypsum and account for 10
% of the total cement consumed it has a heat of
hydration even lower than PPC and is generally used
in construction of dams and similar massive
constructions.
1) WHITE CEMENTS: Basically it is OPC-clinker
using fuel oil (instead of coal) and with iron oxide
content below 0.4% to ensure whiteness. Special
cooling technique is used. It is used to enhance
aesthetic value, in tiles and for flooring. White
cement is much more expensive than gray cement.
2) SPECIALIZED CEMENT:
OIL WELL CEMENT
Is made from clinker with special additives to
prevent any porosity.
RAPID HARDENING PORTLAND CEMENT:
It is similar to OPC, except that it is ground much
finer, so that on
Casting, the compressible strength increases
rapidly
WATER-PROOF CEMENT:
OPC, with small portion of calcium sterate or non- specifiable oil to impart waterproofing properties.
DIFFERENT TYPES OF PROCESSES:
The wet, semi-dry or dry processes can be used to
produce cement. In the wet/semi-dry process, the raw
material is produced by mixing limestone and water
(called slurry) and blended with soft clay. The
vertical shaft technology employed by mini cement
units, use the wet process where as the rotary kiln
technology uses the modern dry process. The
INDIAN CEMENT INDUSTRY has been
progressively using the wet process with dry process,
which now accounts for 91 % of the installed
capacity.
The major cause of industrial disputes in India is the
determination of fair wage or the increase in existing
wage level. By fair wage, they mean
Adequate wages to meet their basic and somewhat
other needs. When this expectation is not full filled,
discontent is the result that results in fall in
production, productivity efficiency and overall
discipline. The main cause of evolution of trade
unionism in India was the wages. Most of the
collective bargaining agreements are centered on the
monetary compensation especially wages. While
collective bargaining is an essential component of
industrial relations, wage is the central theme of
collective bargaining. Thus, wages can be
considered the prime motivator of industrial relations.
From management point of view, wages
and salaries represent a substantial part of the total
cost which is ever increasing in view of the ability of
the trade union to win upward adjustment. Instances
of reduction in wages are rare and where it is
necessary to reduce the labor cost, it is more and
more through technological changes in resulting in
increasing the productivity of labor. It is not only the
