Page 1 of 5
Journal for Studies in Management and Planning
Available at
http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/
ISSN: 2395-0463
Volume 02 Issue 12
December 2016
Available online: http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/ P a g e | 196
Judicious Use of Land and Water Resources for Sustainable
Agriculture Development
Ashok Kumar lecturer in geography
Haryana education department
duhanashok1@gmail.com
This paper examines the vital need of
judicious uses of land and water resources
for sustainable development of agriculture.
The agriculture development and
productivity depends on the judicious use of
land and water. The green revolution,
started in mid 60s has given rise to fast
growth in agricultural production and the
productivity in some of selected regions of
the country like Punjab , Haryana, and
western Uttar Pradesh . After Green
Revolution north-western part of India and
some districts of Krishna-Godavari basin
have become rice cultivated dominance
area. And Green Revolution has given rise
to development of millions of hectare of
waste land, water logged lands and saline
and alkaline lands. Groundwater practices
have fallen dramatically. Keeping in view
the gravity of the problems, it has become a
prime duty to make the judicious use of land,
water and other inputs so that the
agriculture development may take place
constant and sustainably. It requires
consistent efforts by the agricultural
scientists, policy makers’ extension officials
and the community’s active participation,
they may contribute significantly to lead the
sustainable agriculture and ensure the food
security for the growing population and
environment conservation. Effort to adjust to
the exponential trends of our population
without compromising the integrity of the
environment it is necessary to have a
countrywide transition towards sustainable
farming. As India’s National Agricultural
Policy accords high priority to the
sustainability of agriculture.
“Nature can fulfill man’s
need but not his greed” by Mahatma Gandhi
Key words: sustainable development, green
revolution, food security, community
participation.
Page 2 of 5
Journal for Studies in Management and Planning
Available at
http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/
ISSN: 2395-0463
Volume 02 Issue 12
December 2016
Available online: http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/ P a g e | 197
INTRODUCTION: India is an
agriculture dominant country .Agriculture
holds an important position in the Indian
economy and allied activities contribute 30
percent of the GDP and 60 percent of the
total work force of India. The green
revolution, started in mid 60s has given rise
to steady growth of agricultural production
and the productivity in some parts of the
country like Punjab , Haryana, western
Uttar Pradesh and some districts of Tamil
Nadu. The green revolution which was
mainly based on the assured water supply,
high yielding variety of seeds and chemical
fertilizer which has given the rise to grow
the food-grain in a multiple way. Indian
agriculture witnessed the break through after
the introduction and adoption of package
technology based on irrigation facilities with
the application of chemical fertilizers after
Green Revolution in various regions of north
western part India. The new agriculture
strategy has resulted into increased
productivity and returns for farmers. But in
the mid-eighties, the increasing trend in the
productivity flattened and ecological
consequences of over-irrigation appeared.
Similarly given rise to deteriorate the lands,
particularly in the ‘green revolution’ regions
of the country. In the context, various
reports on ground water depletion have
reported that the excessive water extraction
means that about 1600 blocks are now
classified as critical or over exploited, out of
5723 blocks. It has been observed that there
are 15% of aquifers are in a critical
condition; in 50 years this could be 60%.
The peak theory suggests, extraction will
now here to be blamed with economically
viable yields eg. Below 200 meters
extraction require massive investment,
Chaddha, G.K. (1995).According
toB.B.Vohra about 87 million hectares of
good agricultural land currently under
production are in fact seriously affected by
soil erosion, water logging and salinity.
The objective of the study:
(1).To finds out the spatio-temporal change
in agriculture productivity in context to
irrigation and other agricultural inputs in
India.
(2)To finds out the spatio-temporal changes
in water-logiging& soil salinity.
(3) To suggest judicious uses of land &
water for sustainable agriculture.
Data source and methodology:
In this research paper the researcher used
both primary and secondary sources of data.
Secondary Data has been collected from
different department and ‘Krishi Vigyan
Kendra’ located in different districts of
Haryana. Keeping in view various
agricultural and water indicator we can draw
some of inferences from the tabulated data
as follows:
Page 3 of 5
Journal for Studies in Management and Planning
Available at
http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/
ISSN: 2395-0463
Volume 02 Issue 12
December 2016
Available online: http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/ P a g e | 198
PERIODIC TREND OF AGRICULTURAL PARAMETERS OF INDIAN
AGRICULTURAL SCENARIO
Parameter 2001-02 2025 2050
Food Grain Production
(million tons)
213 375 581
Net Sown Area
(million hectares)
142 142 142
Cropping intensity (in
percentage)
136 146 157
Grossed Cropped Area
(million hectares)
193 209 223
Gross Irrigated area
(million hectares)
79 104 134
Water for Irrigation
(billion cubic meters)
606 780 994
Fertilizer consumption
(million tons0
17 37 53
Sources: National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land use Planning, Indian Institute of Agricultural
Research, New Delhi.
(2).Ministry of agriculture, govt. of India.
Result and Discussion:
Remaining in view the growth trends of
food production of the country, it has been
observed that the production of food grain
was 50 million tons in 1950-51, that has
increased 213 million Tons in 2001-2002.
With more intensive agriculture, there has
been a rising stress on natural resources in
many parts of the country. The major
environmental problems of intensive
agriculture include degradation of soils from
over dose of chemicals in a gigantic ways.
Due to an excessive use of chemical
fertilizer (150-200 kg/ha) as reported from
some states like Punjab and Haryana causing
destruction of useful microorganisms,
insects and worms in soil and declining in
crop diversity. Over exploitation
underground water has given rise to
depletion of water, particularly in rice
growing areas of north-eastern region of
India. Some other concerns which includes
decreasing man-land ratio and conversion of
agricultural lands for non-agricultural use.
In reference to future demand of food grain
we can estimate that there will be double
and triple increase in crop intensity, cropped
land, fertilizer consumption and irrigated
