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Abstract
Poverty in India is wide spread, and a variety of methods have been proposed to measure it. The official measure of Indian government, before 2005, was based on food security. And it was defined from per capita expenditure for a person to consume enough calories and be able to pay for associated essential survive. In 2012, the Indian government stated 21.9% of its population is below its official poverty limited. According to United Nations millennium development goal (MGD) programmed 270 million or 21.9% people out of 1.2 billion of Indians lived below poverty line of $ 1.25 in 2011-2012. After India gained its independence in 1947, mass deaths from famines were prevented, but poverty increased post-independence in 1960s. Rapid economic growth since 1991, has led to sharp reductions in extreme poverty in India. However, those above poverty line live a fragile economic life. Most of them lack basic essentials of life such as safe drinking water, sanitation; housing, health infrastructure as well as malnutrition impact the lives of the mass.