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Abstract
The vehicular ad hoc network is a dynamic network in which mobile nodes can leave or join the network when they want. In this network major issues are routing, security and quality of service. The routing protocol is used for establishing path from start node to end node. These routing protocols are broadly grouped in reactive, proactive and hybrid. AODV is under reactive routing protocol which broadcast the route request to all neighboring node and then those nodes will forward the request to their neighboring nodes. This process helps in selecting the best path. AODV protocol is the best performing routing protocol when number of nodes for communication is more in number. In our proposed work, we use AODV multicast the route request to root nodes only and then ant colony optimization (ACO) technique is applied to optimize the path. It will generate a path with shortest distance and leads to improve throughput, reduce packet delivery ratio and delay as compared with existing protocol.